Cómo Identificar y Evitar Estafas de Criptomonedas

Cómo Identificar y Evitar Estafas de Criptomonedas
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Apr 21, 2023 32
Cómo Identificar y Evitar Estafas de Criptomonedas

Las estafas criptográficas vienen en todas las formas y tamaños, desde correos electrónicos de phishing hasta proyectos de extracción de alfombras; la industria criptográfica está familiarizada con estafas costosas. A medida que pasa el tiempo, los estafadores se vuelven más sofisticados. Hoy en día, hay demasiadas estafas para llevar la cuenta.

Sin embargo, este artículo compartirá los principios fundamentales para ayudar a mantenerse alejado de las estafas criptográficas más comunes.

La Prueba del Pato

Si camina como un pato y grazna como un pato, entonces puede ser un pato. Lo mismo ocurre con las estafas criptográficas. Su capital duramente ganado está en juego cada vez que presiona el botón 'aprobar contrato' o aprieta el gatillo de esa nueva moneda de pequeña capitalización.

En este sentido, es mejor estar seguro y alejarse en lugar de arriesgarse si detecta una estafa. Vendrán otras oportunidades, pero podrías perder tu cripto para siempre.

Por lo tanto, si solo uno de los otros principios en este artículo es cierto, es mejor evitar lo que sea que esté considerando hacer a toda costa.

Bomba y Vertederos

Un esquema de bombeo y descarga es una forma de tracción de alfombras que merece una mención especial debido a la frecuencia con la que ocurren. La comunidad criptográfica está altamente conectada y altamente digitalizada. 

Hay personas influyentes populares en el espacio que pueden hacer que el precio de una moneda aumente miles de millones en capitalización de mercado a partir de un tweet. Recientemente, Elon Musk fue acusado de ejecutar un esquema de bombeo y descarga. Sin embargo, él lo niega y ha solicitado a un juez que desestime el caso de la corte. 

En una declaración reciente, el abogado de Musk dijo: "No hay nada ilegal en tuitear palabras de apoyo o imágenes divertidas sobre una criptomoneda legítima que continúa teniendo una capitalización de mercado de casi USD 10 mil millones.”

Si bien la demanda de Elons se relaciona con Dogecoin, la mayoría de los esquemas de bombeo y descarga se relacionan con monedas de bajo volumen y baja capitalización de mercado que pueden manipularse más fácilmente en el precio. Dicho esto, no todas las monedas de baja capitalización de mercado son bombas y vertederos, con la existencia de muchas monedas prometedoras por menos de un centavo en cripto.

La primera etapa de un bombeo y descarga es una cantidad anormalmente grande de actividad en las redes sociales para una moneda. Por ejemplo, si una criptografía de la que nunca has oído hablar aparece en Twitter o en los canales de Telegram varias veces en un día, puede ser un esfuerzo de marketing para crear publicidad y aumentar el precio de la criptografía antes de que los fundadores e influencers descarguen sus tokens.

Otra señal es si un influyente prominente promueve una moneda de bajo volumen de negociación. El bajo volumen es una señal de que hay pocos compradores y vendedores, por lo que si un grupo de vendedores ingresa al mercado rápidamente, puede aumentar el precio con poco esfuerzo. 

Los influencers que compran una criptomoneda de bajo volumen y la promocionan en las redes sociales podrían obtener rápidamente una ganancia masiva.

Entonces, si está buscando comprar criptos que los grandes influencers están promoviendo, asegúrese de que tengan un alto volumen de negociación y considere las pistas que mencionamos para los tiradores de alfombras también.

Sin embargo, si está buscando monedas de baja capitalización con más espacio para el crecimiento, intente encontrarlas en microinfluencers más pequeños, ya que no tienen la audiencia para bombear el precio artificialmente. 

Si Alguien Se Pone En Contacto Contigo

Tal vez trabajen en Binance o Metamask, o sea un amante en línea que de repente convirtió la conversación en Bitcoin; la ingeniería social puede ser la estafa más difícil de detectar, pero siempre debes estar atento. 

Sus claves privadas son solo para sus ojos; nunca las comparta con nadie, sin importar quién lo pregunte. Además, si alguien se pone en contacto con usted que dice ser de un intercambio u otro servicio que utiliza, antes de discutir cualquier detalle con ellos, confírmelo poniéndose en contacto con la empresa (a través de una dirección no proporcionada por la persona que se pone en contacto con usted).

Además de intentar obtener sus claves privadas,los estafadores pueden contactar a las víctimas para que envíen criptomonedas. Esto podría ser una estafa romántica o estar relacionado con dificultades técnicas o ganancias financieras. 

Sin embargo, antes de presionar el botón de enviar, recuerde que este extraño en Internet podría no ser quien dice ser.

Tirador de Alfombra

En criptografía, un tirón de alfombra se refiere a cuando un fundador construye un proyecto con exageración y expectativa, y una vez que recauda fondos, 'tira de la alfombra'. Para tirar de la alfombra, el fundador tiraba sus monedas o usaba código malicioso para extraer valor del proyecto, dejando a su comunidad sin nada.

Hay dos tipos de tirar de la alfombra: duro y suave. Una alfombra suave se refiere a cuando un fundador intenta mantener vivo el proyecto, pero una vez que se da cuenta de que el proyecto no está generando dinero, sale y arroja sus tokens al mercado.

Por otro lado, una alfombra dura es cuando un fundador no tiene intención de completar el proyecto, con su único objetivo de recaudar capital antes de salir. Por lo general, salen rápidamente a través de puertas traseras de código malicioso.’ 

Las principales pistas de un posible tirón de la alfombra son: 

  • Un equipo anónimo 
  • Una vieja cuenta de Twitter para un nuevo proyecto.
  • Sin auditorías de contratos inteligentes.
  • Distribución de tokens inusualmente centralizada y desbloqueada.
  • Baja participación en las redes sociales.
  • El proyecto es una bifurcación dura simple renombrada sin un caso de uso único.

Enlaces Sospechosos

Con delitos relacionados con criptomonedas que se acercan a una valoración de USD 20 mil millones, los ataques de phishing se encuentran entre las formas más populares en que los estafadores roban los fondos de las víctimas . Una de las formas más peligrosas de phishing es cuando los estafadores envían enlaces maliciosos a sitios similares que extraen claves privadas.

Recientemente, el fundador de Moonbirds, Kevin Rose, perdió su colección de NFT de USD 1,4 millones por un ataque de phishing. El hecho de que un fundador de criptomonedas pueda ser víctima de este tipo de ataque muestra lo convincentes que pueden ser.

Dicho esto, todavía hay algunas señales que puede buscar para mantener seguros sus criptoactivos. Incluyen mantenerse actualizado con los nuevos métodos de phishing, no hacer clic en los enlaces de los correos electrónicos (incluso si conoce al remitente) y verificar las redes sociales antes de conectar su billetera a una DApp en caso de que el sitio haya sido pirateado.

Además de esto, puede evitar por completo las estafas de phishing manteniendo solo la criptografía a la que necesita acceso inmediato en su billetera activa, y el resto se almacena en frío.

Las opiniones y valoraciones expresadas en el texto son las opiniones del autor del artículo y pueden no representar la posición de Cryptogeek. No olvide que invertir en criptomonedas y operar en el intercambio está asociado con el riesgo. Antes de tomar decisiones, asegúrese de hacer su propia investigación sobre el mercado y los productos que le interesan.


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